DEPARTMENT OF Water Engineering
Department of Water Engineering
was established in the College of
Agriculture in 1978. The department offers degrees both at undergraduate (B.Sc.) and graduate (M.Sc. and PhD) levels.
At the present time, we have about 100 B.Sc., 40 M.Sc. and 15 PhD students.
Research Activities
The research interests of the department include irrigation systems design, drainage, hydraulics, water resources
hydrology, sediment transport, porous media flow, and hydrometeorology.
In the area of pressurized
irrigation systems, the studies are mainly concentrated on the design and
evaluation of trickle and sprinkling irrigation systems under various
conditions in order to improve irrigation efficiencies. In surface
irrigation, the topics such as fertigation, using saline water in crop
production, deficit irrigation, cracking soils, agricultural water management,
and PRD systems are studied.
Some of the faculty members are also involved in surface and sub-surface drainage studies such as the causes for
drainage problems and water table fluctuations.
In the area of hydraulics and
sediment transport, the studies are mainly concentrated on the computation
and mathematical modeling of turbulent flows, laminar flows, scouring of bridge
piers, weir studies, hydraulics of sediments in rivers and canals, boundary
layer, and bed forms in the rivers.
Activities in water resources
hydrology are mainly centered around regionalization of peak discharge
estimates of rivers, flood management, rainwater storage design, analysis of
sedimentation of reservoirs, urban storm water management, rainfall-runoff
relationships, calibration and validation of computer models,
evapotranspiration studies in greenhouses, reduction of evaporation by
mulching, and climate change.
Research Facilities
There are four laboratories equipped with educational and research
facilities in the department. The equipments provided are:
- Adjustable slope channels
- Water measurement devices
- Hydraulic measurement devices
- ADV
- Infiltration apparatus with
constant and variable heads
- Pressure plate apparatus
- Recycling furrow infiltrometer
- Constant-head water delivery
system to furrows
- Piezometer installation
equipment for shallow water table
- Shallow well pumping test
equipment for measuring soil hydraulic conductivity above the water table
- Auger-hole test apparatus for
measuring soil hydraulic conductivity below the water table
- Soil moisture measurement devices
- Surveying levels
- Theodolites
- Plannimeters.
Laboratories :
1- Irrigation
2- Hydraulics
3- Drainage
4- Hydrology and surveying
UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM
To obtain a B.Sc. degree in Water Engineering,
undergraduate students must take the total of 140 credits, of which 20 credits
are general, 34 credits are basic, 73 credits are core, and 13 credits are
elective courses.
UNDERGRADUATE COURSES
Curriculum for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture: Water Engineering:
|
Semester I (Fall) |
||
|
COURSE CODE |
COURSE TITLE |
CREDITS |
|
3630102 3620101 2010115 1914101 2110103 2510113 |
Technical
Drawing Geology Physics
I Calculus
I General
Engineering Chemistry General
Foreign Language for Agriculture |
2 3 3 4 3 3 |
|
Semester II (Spring) |
||
|
3622103 3620222 3622225 - |
Botany
I Introduction
to Soil Science Meteorology
& Climatology General
Courses |
3 3 3 - |
|
Semester III (Fall) |
||
|
3622122 2010125 1914102 1610104 3622107 - |
General
Agronomy Physics
II Calculus
II Statics Statistics
and Probability General
Courses |
3 3 4 3 3 - |
|
Semester IV (Spring) |
||
|
3612203 1914251 1612212 3614222 3612221 3612224 - |
Fluid
Mechanics Differential
Equations Strength
of Materials Horticultural
Science Surveying
and Planimetry Principles and Methods
of Irrigation General
Courses |
3 3 3 3 3 3 - |
|
Semester V (Fall) |
||
|
3612335 1616364 3612339 3612341 3612343 1730150 - |
Surface
Water Hydrology Soil
Mechanics Hydraulics Drainage
Principles Pumps
and Pumping Stations Introduction to
Computer Programming General
Courses |
3 3 3 2 2 3 - |
|
Semester VI (Spring) |
||
|
3612345 3612347 3612349 3622327 3612342 - |
Advanced
Surveying Open
Channel Hydraulics Groundwater
Resources Field
Work Training Drainage
Systems Design Elective
and General Courses |
3 2 3 3 3 - |
|
Semester VII (Fall) |
||
|
3618465 3612454 3612456 3612483 3612459 3622329 - |
Agricultural
Engineering Economics Surface
Irrigation Systems Design Pressurized Irrigation
Systems Design Water
Conveyance Structures Design I Water
Project Experimental
Design in Agriculture Elective
and General Courses |
2 3 2 3 2 3 - |
|
Semester VIII (Spring) |
||
|
3620437 1914271 - |
Soil
and Water Conservation Numerical
Computations Elective
and General Courses |
2 2 - |
|
Elective Courses |
||
|
3612486 3612482 3612477 3612458 3612484 |
Water
Conveyance Structures Design II Engineering
Hydrology Water
Resources Management Design of Water Supply
Networks Evaluation of
Irrigation and Drainage Systems |
3 3 2 3 2 |
UNDERGRADUATE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
3612224 Principles
and Methods of Irrigation, 3 Cr.
Sources for
irrigation water, water supply, water conveyance, water measurements, soil,
water and plant relationships, irrigation intervals, irrigation time,
irrigation efficiencies, and methods of irrigation.
Prerequisite: Calculus I (1914101),
Introduction to Soil Science (3620222).
3612341 Drainage Principles, 2 Cr.
The basic concepts
of drainage, the need for drainage, field methods for measuring soil hydraulic
conductivity, water table studies, hydrological studies and drainage methods.
Prerequisite: Surveying and
Planimetry (3612221), Principles and Methods of Irrigation (3612224).
3612342 Drainage Systems Design, 3 Cr.
Water balance and
salt balance study, theory of drainage, steady and unsteady state water flow
towards drains, surface and subsurface drainage.
Prerequisite: Drainage Principles (3612341),
Advanced Surveying (3612345), Surface Water Hydrology (3612335).
3612454 Surface
Irrigation Systems Design, 3 Cr.
Water quality,
evaluation of different surface irrigation systems, surface irrigation systems
design.
Prerequisite: Principles and
Methods of Irrigation (3612224), Open Channel Hydraulics (3612347).
3612456 Pressurized
Irrigation Systems Design, 2 Cr.
Water quality,
evaluation of different pressurized irrigation systems (sprinkler and trickle),
sprinkler irrigation system design, trickle irrigation system design.
Prerequisite: Principles and
Methods of Irrigation (3612224), Hydraulics (3612339).
3612458 Design of
Water Supply Networks, 3 Cr.
Definitions, the
importance of rural water supply, components of the system, computations of the
amount of water needed and water supply, surface and underground water
resources, reservoir computations and the system layout.
Prerequisite: Principles and
Methods of Irrigation (3612224), Hydraulics (3612339).
3620437 Soil and
Water Conservation, 2 Cr.
Types of erosion,
water erosion, wind erosion, methods of preventing flood, water, and wind
erosions.
Prerequisite: Advanced Surveying (3612345).
3612343 Pumps and
Pumping Stations, 2 Cr.
Various pumps
including centrifugal, rotodynamics, displacement and propeller types, computations
for each pump based on momentum theory, specific speed and cavitations in
centrifugal pumps, theory of flow in pumps, pump selection, head-discharge
characteristics and design of pumping stations.
Prerequisite: Fluid Mechanics
(3612203).
3612221 Surveying and
Planimetry, 3 Cr.
Introduction to
surveying, reference surfaces, leveling, azimuth, bearing, horizontal and
vertical angles, polygons and planimetry, thaceometry, areas, volumes, contour
lines, land grading, profiles.
Prerequisite: Statistics and
Probability (3622107).
3612349 Groundwater
Resources, 3 Cr.
Occurrence and
movement of ground water, aquifers, Laplace equation, steady flow, unsteady
flow, hydrodynamic constants, well design, well drilling methods, well screens,
ghanats, springs.
Prerequisite: Geology (3620101), Principles
and Methods of Irrigation (3612224).
3612335 Surface
Water Hydrology, 3 Cr.
Hydrologic cycle, general
hydrometeorology, watersheds, discharge measurements in rivers, hydrographs,
rainfall-runoff relationships, unit hydrograph and its derivation.
Prerequisite: Meteorology and Climatology
(3622225), Statistics and Probability (3622107).
3612345 Advanced
Surveying, 3 Cr.
Coordinate systems,
theory of errors, polygonometry, topographic maps, thaceometry, land grading
methods, horizontal and vertical curves, aerial-photos interpretation.
Prerequisite: Surveying and
Planimetry (3612221).
3622225 Meteorology
and Climatology, 3 Cr.
The earth’s
atmosphere, warming the earth and the atmosphere, temperature and heat
transfer, incoming solar energy, air temperature, soil temperature, humidity,
condensation, clouds, cloud development and precipitation, air pressure and
winds, atmospheric circulations, evaporation and evapotranspiration, climatic
classification, air masses and fronts.
Prerequisite: General Physics I (2010115).
3612203 Fluid
Mechanics, 3 Cr.
Physical properties
of fluids, dimensional analysis, hydrostatic pressure, submergence, continuity
equation, Bernoulli equation, momentum equation and their applications, Euler
equation and its application, energy equation, kinematic energy factor, laminar
flow, turbulent flow, head loss.
Prerequisite: Calculus I (1914101).
3612339 Hydraulics,
3 Cr.
The concepts, fluid
properties (liquids and gases), hydrostatics, computations of pressure and
forces, liquid flow, continuity, momentum and energy equations, their
applications, design of siphon, spillway, orifice and pump, water measurements,
hydrodynamics, flow network, equipotential and flow lines.
Prerequisite: Fluid
Mechanics (3612203), Statics (1610104).
3612347 Open
Channel Hydraulics, 3 Cr.
Liquid flow, flow
types, flow regime, flow equations, flow in open channel, the concept of energy
in open channel flow, subcritical flow, critical flow, supercritical flow,
conditions for critical flow, application of momentum equation in open hydraulic
jump, flow friction, analysis of flow, steady state and unsteady state flow.
Prerequisite: Hydraulics (3612339).
3612483 Water
Conveyance Structures Design I, 3 Cr.
Site study,
estimation of water requirement for irrigation, land use, methods of
irrigation, distribution network, channel path and capacity, hydraulic
computation of channels, channel cross-section, types of channels, design of
conveyance structures such as chute, drop, siphon and culvert, Turnout, flumes.
Prerequisite: Open Channel
Hydraulics (3612347), Soil Mechanics (1616365).
3612486 Water
Conveyance Structures Design II, 3 Cr.
Design of diversion
dams, basic study, site selection, geotechnical study of dam site, depth of
alluvium, hydrological study, estimating maximum flood, determination of dam
site, spillway shapes, design of stilling basin, sediment basin and design of
system network.
Prerequisite: Water
Conveyance Structures Design I (3612483).
3612484 Evaluation of Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 2 Cr.
Water and discharge
measurement in field, surface irrigation evaluation, sprinkler irrigation
systems evaluation, trickle irrigation evaluation, channel and ditch
evaluation, economic evaluation of irrigation and drainage systems.
Prerequisite: Pressurized Irrigation Systems Design (3612456),
Surface Irrigation Systems Design (3612454).
GRADUATE PROGRAMS
To obtain M.Sc. degree in Irrigation and
Drainage, graduate students must take a total of 32 credits, of which 19
credits are the core courses, 6 credits are chosen from the elective courses, 1 credit is the seminar, and 6 credits are the M.Sc. thesis.
To obtain M.Sc. degree in Hydraulic
Engineering, graduate students must take a total of 32 credits, of which 13
credits are the core courses, 12 credits are chosen from the elective courses,
1 credit is the seminar, and 6 credits are the M.Sc. thesis.
Ph.D. Program
To obtain Ph.D. degree in
Irrigation and Drainage, graduate students must take a total of 36 credits, of
which 5 credits are the core courses, 13 credits are from the elective courses,
and 18 credits are the Ph.D. dissertation.
M.Sc. COURSES
Curriculum for the Degree of Master of Science in
Agriculture: Irrigation and Drainage
|
COURSE CODE |
COURSE TITLE |
CREDITS |
|
3610510 3612529 3620545 3612507 3612509 3612501 3612505 9010501 3612611 3612609 3612521 3612603 3612607 3612525 3612523 9010606 |
*
Engineering Mathematics *
Water Resources Engineering *
Advanced Soil, Water and Plant Relationships *
Surface Irrigation *
Sprinkle Irrigation *
Open Channel Flow Hydraulics *
Advanced Drainage *
Seminar I Hydrometeorology Flow through Porous Media Trickle Irrigation Hydraulics of Sediment Transport Multi-purpose Operation of Water Resources
Computer Methods in Water Sciences Hydrodynamics *
M.Sc. Thesis |
3 3 3 2 2 3 1 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 6 |
* Core courses
M.Sc. COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
3612603 Water
Resources Engineering, 3 Cr.
Groundwater flow,
ground water exploration, dam site selection, geotechnique of dams, reservoir
operation, hydroelectric, flood control structures, river engineering,
flood-plain management, water quality, ground water pollution, environmental
protection, water and wastewater treatment, optimum water resources
utilization.
3620545 Advanced
Soil, Water and Plant Relationships, 3 Cr.
Description of SPAC, soil, plant, atmoshpere
general relation and cell water relationship, Evapotranspiration processes and
theories.
3612507 Surface Irrigation, 2 Cr.
Concept, land
leveling, design of level basin, design of border, design of furrow, evaluation
of different methods of surface irrigation systems, losses, uniformities and
efficiencies.
3612505 Sprinkle
Irrigation, 2 Cr.
Concept, different
methods of sprinkle irrigation, layout of the system, evaluation, design of
laterals, design of sub-main pipes, design of main pipes, center- pivot design
and pump characteristics.
3612501 Open
Channel Flow Hydraulics, 3 Cr.
Application of
continuity, momentum and energy equations in open channel flow, boundary layer
theory and its application, gradually varied flow, water surface profile,
hydraulic jump, characteristics method for wave equation, flood routing in dam
reservoirs and flood routing in rivers.
3612529 Advanced
Drainage, 3 Cr.
Steady state
drainage, unsteady state drainage, seepage losses, drainage coefficient,
computations for surface and subsurface drainage, drainage water quality and
reuse for irrigation, management of irrigation and drainage systems and
economic evaluation of drainage systems.
3612611 Hydrometeorology,
2 Cr.
Evaporation, wind,
snow, different methods of estimating maximum precipitation and maximum flood,
flood and precipitation changes with respect to time and space,
depth-area-duration curve, intensity-duration-frequency curve.
Prerequisite: Water
Resources Engineering (3612529).
3612609 Flow
through Porous Media, 3 Cr.
Equations for groundwater
flow, unsteady flow, porosity, hydrodynamic dispersion, unsaturated flow, gas,
heat and liquid flow through soil, radial flow, elastic storage of aquifers,
Green equation, computer and numerical solutions for porous media equations.
Prerequisite: Water
Resources Engineering (3612529).
3612521 Trickle
Irrigation, 2 Cr.
Concepts, components
of a trickle irrigation system, soil and water relationships in trickle irrigation,
layout of the system, pressure, discharge, uniformity, head loss, efficiency,
design of laterals, design of manifolds, design of main pipe and system
capacity.
3612501
Hydraulics of Sediment Transport, 3 Cr.
Erosion and sedimentation
processes, incipient motion, mechanisms of sediment transport, bed load motion
and equations, sediment concentration, suspended load, sediment transport
capacity, sediment-rating curve, reservoir sedimentation, incoming sediment
load, trap efficiency and aggradation, reservoir sedimentation surveys, control
of reservoir sedimentation, regime rivers, design of stable alluvial channels,
local scour around bridge piers, local scour around embankments.
Prerequisite: Open Channel Flow
Hydraulics (3612501).
3612607 Multi-purpose
Operation of Water Resources, 3 Cr.
Water withdrawals
and uses, water consumption, optimal selection of irrigation systems, water
reuse, water for energy production, water demand and price elasticity, drought
management, flood control alternatives, floodplain management and regulations,
surface water reservoir systems, storage-firm yield analysis for water supply,
reservoir storage allocation, reservoir simulation, flood damage and benefit
estimation, risk based analysis, uncertainty of stage damage function, probability,
risk and uncertainty analysis for hydrologic and hydraulic design.
Prerequisite: Water
Resources Engineering (3612529).
3612525 Computer
Methods in Water Sciences, 3 Cr.
Concepts of
numerical methods, partial differential equations (parabolic, elliptic,
hyperbolic), solution of variable flows, unsteady flows in rivers, flood
routing, pressurized flows, water hammer, groundwater flow problems.
3612523
Hydrodynamics, 3 Cr.
Inviscid flow, fluid
characteristics, pressure at a point, continuity equation, streamline, 2D flow
pattern, rotational and irrotational motions, Bernoulli equation, Real flow,
pressure and velocity distributions, laminar flow, turbulent boundary layer
flow net, uniform flow, source flow, doublet flow, combination of uniform flow
with a source and sink, vortex flow, combination of vortex with doublet,
Rankine oval, flow around a circular cylinder, conformed transformation.
M.Sc. COURSES
Curriculum for the Degree of Master of Science in
Agriculture: Hydraulic Structures
|
COURSE CODE |
COURSE TITLE |
CREDITS |
|
3610510 - 3612501 - 9010501 3612529 3612609 3612603 3612523 - - - - - - 9010606 |
*
Engineering Mathematics *
Design of Flow-control Structures *
Open Channel Flow Hydraulics *
Advanced Structure Analysis *
Seminar Water Resources Engineering Flow through Porous Media Hydraulics of Sediment Transport Hydrodynamics Earth Dams Advanced Groundwater Advanced River Engineering Flood Hydraulics Design of Irrigation and Drainage Networks Physical and Hydraulic Models *
M.Sc. Thesis |
3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 6 |
* Core courses
Ph.D. COURSES
Curriculum for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in
Agriculture: Irrigation and Drainage
|
COURSE CODE |
COURSE TITLE |
CREDITS |
|
3612702 3612700 3612710 3612706 3612708 3612712 3612713 3612715 9010701 |
*
Hydraulics of Surface Irrigation *
Advanced Engineering Statistics Water
Infiltration and Leakage in Soil Advanced
Hydraulics Computational
Hydraulics Special
Topics in Soil and Water Pollution Evapotranspiration and Water Requirement Special Topics in Water Engineering *
Ph.D. Dissertation |
2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 18 |
* Core courses
Ph.D. COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
3612702 Hydraulics
of Surface Irrigation, 2 Cr.
The principles of surface irrigation
hydraulics, surface irrigation advance flow theory, advance and recession,
hydrodynamic models (characteristics method and Eulerian integration method), zero-inertia
model, kinematic-wave model, volume balance model, runoff and infiltration in
surface irrigation, effects of slope, roughness, infiltration and inflow rate
on design of surface irrigation.
3612700 Advanced
Engineering Statistics, 3 Cr.
Principles and concepts of statistical analysis in engineering, probability theory and its application in water resources engineering, statistical principle parameters, means and moments, classic statistical distributions (normal, lognormal, extreme value functions, Gama functions), probability papers, confidence band theory, probability design in non-classic distributions, single and multivariate form of simple linear and nonlinear correlations, application of confidence band theory in correlation calculations.
3612710 Infiltration
and Seepage of Water in Soil, 2 Cr.
Simultaneous flow of water and air
in soil and its effect on infiltration and drainage, transportation of soil
gases and effect of air interruption on infiltration and drainage, theoretical
analysis of infiltration equations in soil, physical and chemical mechanisms of
crust formation, water flow in crust, methods of soil crust modification.
3612706 Advanced Engineering
Hydraulics, 2 Cr.
Basic of tonsorial calculation with
examples and presentation of conservation, momentum and energy law equations in
tonsorial form, turbulence flow, homogeneous and isotropic form and its
properties, turbulence flows dividing in free state and in contact with solid
boundary, turbulence models such as k-ε, statistical characteristics of
turbulence, autocorrelation function, energy spectrum power, boundary layer
theory for positive and negative pressure gradient flows, distribution of
tension tensor factors in turbulence and nonuniform flows, analysis of
Navier-Stocks equations, separation and its prevention methods, momentum
integration equation for boundary layer, stream and potential functions in 3D
form and application of potential flows in hydraulic structures, principles of
viscous and nonviscous flows, evaluation and physical explanation of Euler and
Navier-Stocks equations and their hydraulic applications, application of turbulence
flow in rivers and open channels with bed and sediment forms. Students must
present a seminar about one of the abovementioned topics in order to better
understand these concepts.
3612708 Computational
Hydraulics, 3 Cr.
Discretisized form of conservation
laws (1D and 2D), 1D flow in stratified media, characteristics method in
solution of hydraulic problems (hydraulic jump, one directional waves,
alternative waves, high waves, 2D near-horizontal flows), numerical methods (application
of finite difference method in the solution of different hydraulic problems, solving
some practical examples such as water quality, intrusion of saline and fresh
water), application of finite elements method in the solution of potential flow
and some hydraulic problems.
3612708 Special Topics
in Water and Soil Pollution, 2 Cr.
Pollution
types (definitions and classification), identification of important pollutants
in water from irrigation, human consumption and animal drinking aspects. The
students perform some research on one of the special cases of water pollution
problems in the country under the teacher’s guidance and prepare a research
report.
3612708 Evapotranspiration
and Water Requirement, 2 Cr.
Radiation and energy balance of water,
soil and plant surfaces, effects of temperature, relative humidity and wind on
energy balance, evaluation of different methods of estimating evapotranspiration, separating
evaporation from evapotranspiration, evaluation of crop coefficient, evaluation
of environmental data required for estimation of evapotranspiration, statistical
analysis of evapotranspiration, evapotranspiration reduction methods, irrigation
optimization, irrigation management, deficit irrigation, yield functions, water
productivity, water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, economical
analysis methods.
3612715 Special Topics
in Water Engineering, 2 Cr.
Introduction to systems analysis and
modeling, introduction to DSSAT, potential production, weather data for
simulation, genetic coefficients for growth and development, soil data for
simulation, simulating water-limited production, simulating nitrogen-limited
production, simulating phosphorus-limited production, model calibration and
valuation, evaluating risk and sustainability, seasonal and rotation/sequence
analysis, spatial analysis, climate change and climate variability, decision
support systems for farmer applications.